Diagnosis of ebv virus

Future research will hopefully shed light on costs, benefits, side-effects and target-groups as well as determining whether the prevention of EBV-infection in general - or the prevention of IM in particular - is the primary goal.

Furthermore, future research should focus on substantiating the known- and proposed associations and causations in order to contribute to the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of EBV. AF co-designed the study, collected, analyzed and interpreted data and drafted the manuscript. CLA co-designed the study, analyzed and interpreted data.

Both authors revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content, and approved the final version to be submitted. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Anders Fugl, Email: kd. Christen Lykkegaard Andersen, Email: kd. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. BMC Fam Pract.

Published online May Anders Fugl 1 and Christen Lykkegaard Andersen 1, 2. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Corresponding author. Received Aug 29; Accepted Apr This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Background General practitioners encounter the vast majority of patients with Epstein-Barr virus-related disease, i.

Main text In the present review, these included three early complications; hepatitis, splenic rupture and airway compromise, as well as possible late conditions; lymphoproliferative cancers, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Conclusions Hepatitis is a common and self-limiting early complication to infectious mononucleosis and should be monitored with liver tests in more symptomatic cases. Keywords: Epstein-Barr virus. Infectious mononucleosis, Hepatitis, Splenic rupture, Airway compromise, Lymphoproliferative cancer, Multiple sclerosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, General practice, Family practice.

Clinical presentation Whether an individual develops IM primarily depends on the timing of exposure to the virus. Diagnosis Though patients with IM often present with the aforementioned triad of symptoms, a GP should always consider the array of illnesses that can cause IM-like symptoms. Open in a separate window. Treatment There is currently no specific treatment for IM. Splenic rupture Splenic rupture, as a result of splenomegaly and altered splenic architecture [ 24 ], is probably the most feared and acute complication to IM.

Airway compromise Cervical lymphadenopathy is a hallmark in IM and involves the nasopharyngeal and palatal tonsils. Rheumatoid arthritis A causal link between RA and IM has been proposed alongside several other autoimmune diseases.

Conclusions The expanding roles of EBV in both benign and malignant disease bear witness of a viral species with diverse effects on the human body. Acknowledgements Not applicable. Funding Not applicable. Availability of data and materials Not applicable. Notes Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable. Consent for publication Not applicable. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Contributor Information Anders Fugl, Email: kd. References 1. Chronic Epstein Barr virus infection leading to classical Hodgkin lymphoma. BMC Hematol. Upper airway obstruction in infectious mononucleosis. Eur J Emerg Med. Characteristics of Hodgkin's lymphoma after infectious mononucleosis. N Engl J Med. Cohen JI. Epstein-Barr virus vaccines. Clin Transl Immunol.

Hurt C, Tammaro D. Diagnostic evaluation of mononucleosis-like illnesses. Am J Med. Infectious mononucleosis. Long-term shedding of infectious epstein-barr virus after infectious mononucleosis. J Infect Dis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. Ann Nucl Med. Increasing incidence of severe Epstein-Barr virus-related infectious mononucleosis: surveillance study. J Clin Microbiol. Evolution of EBV seroprevalence and primary infection age in a French hospital and a city laboratory network, PLoS One.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of splenic enlargement in athletes with acute infectious mononucleosis. Br J Sports Med. Splenic rupture in infectious mononucleosis: a systematic review of published case reports. Comparative evaluation of nine kits for rapid diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr virus-specific serology.

De Paschale M, Clerici P. Serological diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus infection: problems and solutions. World J Virol. Recovery from infectious mononucleosis: a case for more than symptomatic therapy? A systematic review. Br J Gen Pract. Antiviral agents for infectious mononucleosis glandular fever Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Epstein Barr virus hepatitis. Eur J Intern Med. Epstein-Barr virus induced hepatitis: an important cause of cholestasis. Hepatol Res. Khoo A. Acute cholestatic hepatitis induced by Epstein-Barr virus infection in an adult: a case report.

J Med Case Rep. The role of Epstein-Barr virus in acute and chronic hepatitis. J Hepatol. Med Mal Infect. Fulminant Epstein-Barr viral hepatitis: orthotopic liver transplantation and review of the literature. Liver Transpl Surg. Return to play after infectious mononucleosis. Sports Health. Mononucleosis and athletic participation: an evidence-based subject review. Epstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis.

Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Laboratory Testing. Minus Related Pages. Healthcare providers can test for antibodies to the following EBV-associated antigens: This photomicrograph depicts leukemia cells that contain Epstein-Barr virus using an FA staining technique. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website. Preview the new GARD site. Other Names:. Viral infections. Summary Summary. Symptoms Symptoms.

These features may be different from person to person. Some people may have more symptoms than others and symptoms can range from mild to severe. This list does not include every symptom or feature that has been described in this condition.

Over time, CAEBV can lead to failure of the immune system which, if not treated, can lead to potentially life-threatening complications. Showing of 8 View All. Permanent enlargement of the airways of the lungs. Decreased immune function. Frequent respiratory infections. Multiple respiratory infections.

Susceptibility to respiratory infections. Sinus inflammation. Increased spleen size. Do you have more information about symptoms of this disease? We want to hear from you. Cause Cause. This allows the symptoms of an EBV infection to persist and get worse over time. Diagnosis Diagnosis.

Treatment Treatment. Hematopoietic stem-cell transplant is currently the only curative treatment for this condition.

Statistics Statistics. Do you have updated information on this disease? Find a Specialist Find a Specialist. Healthcare Resources To find a medical professional who specializes in genetics, you can ask your doctor for a referral or you can search for one yourself. You can also learn more about genetic consultations from MedlinePlus Genetics. Research Research. Clinical Research Resources ClinicalTrials.

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